Biographical information and his work at the Department of Defense with the military pay system, the draft, and the Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW); problems in HEW management; Gorham's and his staff's duties; evaluation of HEW programs; how evaluation efforts were received within HEW; funding the assessment and evaluation of programs; assessing the progress made in evaluating government programs; program memoranda evaluating program costs, budgets, benefits, allocation of funds; Gorham's work in White House task forces; Joe Califano's work with HEW; conflict in creating new social programs without increased funding; the creation of the Urban Institute (UI) and how Gorham moved to it; funding the UI and their first reports; the strengths and weaknesses of the Great Society programs; the issue of giving grants to institutions of higher education.